What if the walls of a centuries-old building could speak? Standing tall on Shimla’s Observatory Hill, the Viceregal Lodge—now Rashtrapati Niwas—echoes India’s colonial past.
Once home to the British Viceroy, this architectural marvel has been the stage for secret meetings and historic decisions that altered the course of a nation. From the grandeur of its design to the untold stories within, every corner of this lodge invites you to uncover the mysteries it has witnessed.
A Symbol of Colonial Grandeur and National Memory
The Viceregal Lodge holds a distinguished place in India’s colonial history. Built between 1880 and 1888 under Lord Dufferin’s rule, it served as the British Viceroy's summer residence.
Designed by architect Henry Irwin, it was officially opened on 23 July 1888. Built at a cost of ₹38 lakh, with an annual upkeep of ₹1.5 lakh, the estate originally spanned 331 acres.
Throughout the British Raj, the Lodge was the political nerve centre during the summer months, hosting several important administrative and diplomatic discussions. One of its most significant historical moments was the Simla Conference of 1945, convened by Lord Wavell to discuss the Wavell Plan for Indian self-governance.
After independence, the property saw limited use by Indian presidents and was deemed more suitable for academic purposes. Acting on this vision, President Dr. S. Radhakrishnan facilitated its transfer to the Ministry of Education.
Today, the Lodge serves as the home of the Indian Institute of Advanced Study (IIAS), housing a library with rare artefacts and photographs from the British era, preserving its legacy as both an architectural gem and a centre of knowledge.
A Jacobethan Masterpiece Amidst the Hills of Shimla
Remarkably, only locally sourced pine and cedar were used in its construction, showcasing both elegance and environmental harmony. Unique in its setting, the Lodge is the only structure in Shimla to occupy an entire hill.
The south-facing entrance opens into an impressive reception hall, featuring a grand fireplace and a stunning spiral staircase. Comprising six storeys, the building’s bricks were painstakingly transported by mules—a testament to the era’s logistical challenges.
Interesting Facts About the Viceregal Lodge
Here are some interesting facts about Viceregal Lodge:
- A Corridor That Unites the Past: The entire structure is interlinked by a single, continuous corridor, offering a seamless journey through rooms that once witnessed momentous decisions of the British Raj.
- Intricate Kashmiri Craftsmanship: The visitors’ lounge showcases original Kashmiri walnut wood ceiling work, complete with traditional carvings and wall coverings, still preserved in their original form.
- Lady Elgin’s Silent Presence: A regal portrait of Lady Elgin, the wife of a former Viceroy, hangs in the main hall, quietly observing the Lodge’s rich history beneath a grand chandelier.
Plan Your Perfect Trip to Viceregal Lodge
The best time to visit the Viceregal Lodge is during the summer months, from April to October. It is open daily (except Mondays and national holidays) from 10:30 AM to 5:30 PM.
The mild climate and verdant gardens create an ideal and scenic setting for a relaxing visit. In winter (November to March), visiting hours are slightly shorter, from 10:30 AM to 4:30 PM.
How to Reach Viceregal Lodge: Your Travel Guide to Shimla’s Historic Gem
Reaching the Viceregal Lodge in Shimla is convenient and accessible, whether you're travelling by road, air, or rail.
By Air
The closest airport to Viceregal Lodge is Jubbarhatti Airport, located around 17.8 kilometres away. Visitors can easily hire taxis that offer direct access to the Viceregal Lodge, ensuring a smooth and convenient 40-minute journey.
By Train
Shimla Railway Station is the closest train station, just 2.1 km away. Visitors arriving via the scenic Kalka–Shimla Railway can take a taxi or local transport to reach the Lodge in under 10 minutes.
By Road
A network of well-maintained roads connects Shimla. Visitors can drive in or hire taxis from nearby cities. Once in Shimla, the Viceregal Lodge is within walking distance from the main road and easily reachable by private vehicle or local taxi.
Whether you’re a history enthusiast, architecture lover, or curious traveller, the Viceregal Lodge offers an unforgettable journey into India’s colonial legacy. A visit here is not just a walk through the past—it’s a step into a story still echoing through its grand halls.
